Sports traumatology comprises the treatment of all acute sports injuries of bones, muscles, tendons, joints and their ligaments, including the resulting long-term consequences.

Classical sports injuries include ruptures of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligament of the knee as well as meniscus ruptures and lateral ligament injuries. Ligament injuries and tendon injuries also frequently present in sports traumatology, and the same is true for chronic complaints in the sense of injuries caused by overstrain.